2Nathan Glaier.Affirmative Discrimination:Ethnic Equality and Pubic Policy New York.1987.p.48
3http://laws.findlaw.com/416/us/312.html.
4http://laws.findlaw.com/438/us/265.html.
5http://laws.findlaw.com/443/us/193.html.
6George B.Tindall & David E.Shi.America(New York.1989.)p.881.
7U,S.Department of Commerce.Bureau of Census.The Social and Economic Statue of the Black Population in the United Stotes:A Historical Review(Washington D.C.U.S.Governmetn Printing Office.1980).p.25.p31.p.69.p.86.
8John H.Franklin and Isidore Starr eds.The Negro in 20^th Century America(New York.1967).pp.218.219.pp.227.229.
3Eboni M. Zamani, M. Christopher Brown II. Affirmative Ac- tion in Postsecondary Educational Settings: The Historic Nexus of Meri- tocracy and Access in US Higher Education [J]. Higher Education Poli- cy, 2003.
4Garrison- Wade, Dorothy F, Lewis, Chance W. Affirmative Action: History and Analysis [J]. Journal of College Admission, 2004.
5Kwame Badu Antwi -Boasiako; Asagba, Joseph O. A Prelimi- nary Anaylsis of African American College Students' Perceptions of Racial Preferences and Affirmative Action in Making Admissions Decisions at A Prodominantly White University [ J]. College Student Journal, 2005.
6Thomas Boston, Usha Nair - Reichert. Affirmative Action : Perspectives from the United States, India and Brazil [J]. Western Journal of Black Studies, 2003.
