露地川熟地直播栽培对当归抽薹及成药的影响

Effects of Direct Sowing in Farmed Open Field on Premature Bolting and Plants Growth of Angelica sinensis during Medicinal Value Formative Period

目的：探索当归直播栽培技术。方法：用3种当归种子简单对比。结果：3种种子直播当归苗在露地均能安全越冬返青，并较移栽提早约30d出苗。成药期不同种子间当归株高、地上部鲜重、根长、根重、根粗、侧根数变化趋势基本一致。侧穗、主穗和早薹种子直播当归抽薹率分别为0．37％、0．33％和0．46％，单产分别高于当年岷县当归平均单产7．7％、-0．9％和18．1％。浸出物、挥发油和阿魏酸含量高于药典标准14．5％～25．6％、3～3．5倍、2．4～3．1倍。结论：露地直播当归能安全越冬，抽薹率大幅度降低，产量高于产区平均水平，质量优于药典限定标准。

Objective： To explore the direct sowing culture technique in Angelica sinensis. Methods： Angelica sinensis were simply compared with three types of seeds. Results： Seedlings of 3 types of seeds, which were directed sowing in open field can pass winter safely and come out 30 days earlier than seedlings transplanted. The changes of plants height, leaved weight, root length, root weight, root head diameter and branch roots number of 3 seed-types plants were very similar during medicinal value formative pried. Premature bolting rate of Angelica sinensis plants of the 3 seed-types were 0.37%,0.33% and 0.46% separately. Yield were higher 7.7%,-0.9% and 18.1% than the average in the Min county separately. Extractum, Volatile oil and ferulic acid were higher 14. 5% -25.6% ,3 -3.5 times and 2. 4 ~ 3.1 times than pharmacopoeia standards. Conclusion： Seedlings of Angelica sinensis direct sowed in farmed open field passed winter safely, premature bolting great reduced,yield higher than the average in growing area, quality was much higher than pharmacopoeia standards limited.