基于多智能体系统的单元城市交通需求特性研究

The Travel Demand of Unit City Based on Multi-agent System

我国大城市交通、环境问题日益突出,探讨城市形态对减少交通需求的影响是一个重要课题。论述单元城市的概念,并基于多智能体系统构建自下而上的城市微观模拟系统,结合竞租理论、经济地理学、交通规划理论等学科的成果,定量研究单中心城市与单元城市在交通效率、碳排放上的区别。结果表明,对于超过一定规模的城市,单元城市在减少交通需求、节能减排上有更好的表现。模型除用于研究理想城市形态对交通、碳排放量的影响外,还可用于研究与评价实际城市规划中不同城市形态方案的交通需求。

Due to increasingly serious traffic and environmental problems in large cities,it is very important to study the effects of urban form on the reduction of travel demand.This paper illustrates the concept of unit city and develops a bottom-up micro-simulation model based on multi-agent system,applying the achievements of bid-rent theory,economic geography and transportation planning theory.The differences of traffic efficiency and carbon emission between unit city and mono-centric city are investigated quantitatively.The results indicate that for cities over a certain size,unit city performs better in travel demand reduction,energy saving and emission reduction.The paper summarizes the essential principles of unit city planning and the corresponding management policies.Apart from being used for analyzing the impact of ideal urban forms on traffic and carbon emissions,the proposed model can be applied for investigating and evaluating the travel demand of alternative urban spatial patterns in actual city planning,which can be developed further for specific needs.