野生大燕麦和偏凸山羊草后代的遗传研究

Studies on cytogenetics and biochemisty of the offsprings between A.magna and Aegilops ventricosa L.

为了证明野生大燕麦和偏凸山羊草杂种的真实性 ,了解二者间的亲缘关系及染色体的传递情况 ,对其后代进行了细胞遗传学和同工酶的电泳分析。结果表明 ,偏凸山羊草和野生大燕麦的杂种F1完全不育 ,其花粉母细胞观察为 2 8个单价体 ;用节燕 1号与杂种F1进行复交 ,得到的复交F1代花粉母细胞减数分裂不正常 ,出现较多单价体 ,数目在 7～ 17个之间。复交F1自交后代的根尖染色体数在 4 2～ 54之间 ,其酯酶和淀粉酶同工酶酶谱比较结果表明 ,自交后代具有偏凸山羊草和节燕 1号的遗传物质。通过本研究初步证明了野生大燕麦和偏凸山羊草杂种的真实性。

Genetic construction of hybrid between Aegilops ventricosa L. (2n=28) and A.magna(2n=28) were analyzed by cytogenetics and isozyme.The results showed that the hybrid F 1 was complete sterility and pollen mother cell at meiosis had 28 univalents. There were 7-17 univalents in pollen mother cell at meiosis with multiple cross F 1 between hybrid F 1 and common wheat Jieyan No.1. The number of the self cross offsprings of the multiple cross F 1 root tip chrosomes was 42-54. These offsprings had not only the genetical resource of Aegilops ventricosa L. and Jieyan No.1 but also that of A.magna comparing esterase isozyme bands with amylase isozyme bands.The results showed that the hybrid between Aegilops ventricosa L. and A. magna was a real hybrid.