团体心理辅导对留守儿童心理健康水平的干预研究

Intervention study of group psychological counseling on mental health of left-behind children

【目的】对济宁市农村留守初中生进行心理健康干预并评价干预效果，探索适合改善留守学生心理健康水平的干预方法。【方法】采用多阶段抽样方法，对济宁市1705名农村初中生进行心理健康诊断测验（Mental Health Test，MHT）问卷调查，对留守初中生采取团体心理辅导为主的干预方法进行干预，并评价干预效果。[结果]11705名农村初中生中留守学生为546名，占32．0％；2）留守初中生与非留守初中生MHT得分比较，八个因子中（学习焦虑、对人焦虑、孤独倾向、身体症状、恐怖倾向、冲动倾向、过敏倾向和自责倾向）除了过敏倾向和冲动倾向外，其他六个因子得分和总焦虑倾向得分留守组均高于非留守组，差异具有统计学意义（P〈O．001～0．034）；3）干预结束后，经重复测量资料的方差分析，学习焦虑、对人焦虑、孤独倾向、过敏倾向、恐怖倾向因子处理因素和时间存在交互作用，除身体症状外，其他各因子干预前后得分差异具有统计学意义。【结论】留守初中生的心理健康状况不如非留守初中生，团体心理辅导可以提高留守学生的心理健康水平。

[Objective] To implement an intervention on the psychological health of junior middle school students left- behind, to evaluate the effects of intervention, and finally explore the appropriate intervention to improve their psychological health. [Methods] 1 705 middle school students were selected as the participants through a multi-level sampling method. Mental Health Test （MHT） was used to investigate the psychological health of the participants, group psychological counseling was conducted as an intervention of psychological health for the students. [Results] 1）There were 546 left-behind students （32.0 %） among 1 705 junior middle school students. 2）Compared to those not left-behind, the left-behind students had higher score of six simple factors （including learning anxiety, anxiety, loneliness tendencies, physical symptoms, terrorist tendencies and self-blame orientation） and total anxiety tend （P〈0. 001 to 0. 034）. 3）Results from the repeated measure- ment data analysis showed that there were interactions between time and treatment factors, eg. ,learning anxiety,anxiety, lonely tendency, allergic tendencies and the terrorist tendencies. There were significant differences between two groups on all factors except for physical symptoms. [Conclusion] Compared to their counterparts, left-behind students had worse psy- chological health, which can be improved by group counseling.