利用真菌生产GLA、Ara和EPA的研究进展

Researching advance in production of GLA, Ara and EPA by fungi

综述了GLA、Ara、EPA的生理作用、天然来源和利用真菌生产的研究进展。研究发现真菌资源特别是低等真菌是除动、植物外GLA、Ara和EPA的另一个重要来源 ,通过菌种选育可以得到与动、植物产量相近的高产菌株 ,并在低温培养时有利于多不饱和脂肪酸的形成 ,细胞内微粒体膜的苹果酸酶活性与菌体油脂的多不饱和脂肪酸含量存在一定的正相关关系。此外 ,利用微生物转化技术 ,以天然油脂为底物来生产GLA。

This axticle reviewed the physiological functions, natural sources of γ Linolenic acid(GLA), Arachidonic acid(Ara) and Eicosapentaenic acid (EPA) and researching advance on their production by fungi. Studies showed that fungus resources, especially lower fungi, were an important source of GLA, Ara and EPA besides animals and plants; The high yield strains of GLA, Ara and EPA similar to animals or plants could be obtained by selecting and breeding. Low temperature culture was good for the production of polyunsaturated fatty acid: There was a significant positive relativity between microsomal malic enzyme activity and the mycelial polyunsaturated fatty acid content. In addition it is important to produce GLA, Ara and EPA from plant oil by Microbial conversion technique.