兼抗白粉病和黄矮病小麦育种材料的创造与鉴定

Development and Detection of Wheat Breeding Materials Resistant to Both Powdery Mildew and Barley Yellow Dwarf virus

白粉病和黄矮病是小麦生产上的重要病害,近几年来这两种病害经常在我国一些小麦产区同时发生。为解决该问题,本研究通过杂交、回交方法将抗黄矮病的Bdv2基因(源自于YW642)和抗白粉病的Pm21基因(源自于CB037)聚合在一起,育成了兼抗黄矮病和白粉病的小麦新材料。通过田间抗病性鉴定与分子标记辅助选择相结合,得到聚合了Bdv2基因和Pm21基因的BC1小麦22株,F2小麦51株。农艺性状调查显示,这些含Pm21和Bdv2基因的双抗白粉病和黄矮病小麦新材料的农艺性状优于感病植株和原先的亲本,可以在小麦白粉病和黄矮病兼性抗病育种中作为优异种质资源加以利用。

Powdery mildew and barley yellow dwarf virus （BYDV） are important diseases,which affect wheat production worldwide. Recent years, both diseases are simultaneously found in some wheat production areas of Chi- na. To solve this problem,a wheat-Thinopyrum intermedium translocation YW642,containing BYDV resistance gene Bdv2, and a wheat line CB037, containing powdery mildew resistance gene Pro21, had been used to cross and backeross in this study. Through the disease resistance tests and molecular marker-assisted selection,22 BC1 plants and 51 F2 plants which contain both Bdv2 and Pro21 genes were obtained. These wheat materials showed highly re- sistant to both powdery mildew and BYDV. Agronomic trait assays displayed that these traits of those resistant plants possessing both Pro21 and Bdv2 genes were better than those of the susceptible plants and the parent plants. Thus, these resistant plants developed in the study could be used as good germplasm resources for wheat breeding with re- sistance to powdery mildew and BYDV.