中华鳖细菌性疾病免疫防治的研究

Studies on the immunization of bacterin against bacterial diseases of cultivated soft shelled turtle.

将分离自中华鳖主要细菌性疾病如肠道出血性败血症、鳖穿孔病 (疖疮病 )、红脖子红底板病、鳖腐皮病的四株病原菌 ,在 3.5%福尔马林溶液中 2 4 h全部灭活 ;经灭活的四株菌加入 Al(OH) 3 胶 ,制成总含菌量为 6× 10 9/ m L的四价菌苗 .小白鼠注射疫苗后 2 1～ 35d,对这四株菌的血清凝集抗体效价最高达 2 9,免疫保护率达 10 0 % ,且对四株菌均有保护作用 .鳖免疫后 15d就产生抗体 ,血清中凝集抗体效价高达 2 7,免疫保护率达 10 0 % ,对四株菌均有保护作用 ;同时开展鳖生产性免疫预防试验 ,鳖存活率有较大提高 ,免疫池鳖发病死亡率平均下降 50 % 。

The vaccination tests and field prevention trials against bacterial diseases of soft shelled turtle( Trionyx sinensis )were carried out in several turtle farms in Huzhou, Xiaoshan etc. from 1997 1998. Aeromonas sobria , isolated mainly from bacterial diseases of cultivated soft shelled turtle, were inactivated with 3.5% formalin for 24 hours. An Al(OH) 3 adjuvant vaccine, with concentration 6×10 9cfu/mL, was prepared with four strain inactivated bacteria. The agglutinating titers in serum of immunized mice and turtle could be as high as 2 9 and 2 7, respectively, on 21 35 days and 15 days after inoculation. The relative survival percent (RSP, %) of both mice and turtle were 100% on the 30th days after vaccination. In field test,the mortality of immunized turtles was decreased by 50% compared with unimmunized group. The results showed this vaccine had a good protection and a practical prospect.