长江口横沙浅滩挖入式港区的规划思路和关键技术

Planning ideas and key technology for building excavated-in harbor basin in the Hengsha Shoal of the Yangtze Estuary

为落实中央政府关于"到2020年上海建成国际航运中心"的要求,适应世界航运业的船舶大型化、泊位深水化的发展趋势,上海迫切需要规划开辟新的深水港区.通过反复研究、论证和比较,本文提出:横沙浅滩是目前上海开辟新港区的最佳场所;建设挖入式港区,不但可以规避长江河口拦门沙与最大浑浊带影响,还可形成包括水深20 m以上的大量深水码头岸线,满足上海港今后20～30年的持续发展需求;优化规划方案可以避免对长江口深水航道工程产生不利影响;北槽深水航道的疏浚土可用于横沙浅滩的前期促淤成陆,挖入式港池水域的开挖土可就近提供大规模陆域形成所需的优质土源,从而大大节省陆域回填成本.

In order to carry out the suggestion in the document （[2009119） of the State Council that Shanghai should become an International Shipping Centre by 2020, and to adapt the develop- ment demand of larger scale ship and deeper water berth in the world shipping industry, it is ur- gently necessary to plan a new deeper water harbor in Shnaghai. By a deep-going study, we put forward that the Hengsha Shoal is the best place to construct a new harbor. It can not only avoid the influence of the river mouth bar and the turbidity maximum in the Yangtze Estuary, but also produce a lot of deeper dock shoreline larger than 20 m, to meet the sustained development de- mand of the Shanghai Harbor in the next 20 - 30 years, if the excavated-in harbor basin is built in the Hengsha Shoal. The unfavorable effect on the North Passage Deepwater Navigation Chan- nel may be averted by optimizing design. The dredged sediment in the North Passage Deepwater Navigation Channel may be utilized for the siltation and reclamation o{ the Hengsha Shoal, and the excavation of harbor basin can supply nearby high quality soil source for the large reclama- tion, thereby saving the cost of reclamation of excavated-in harbor basin.