手足口病的流行特征及控制策略探讨

Hand-foot-mouth-disease Epidemiological Characteristics and Control Strategies Investigation

目的:探讨当地手足口病的流行特征及控制策略。方法:回顾性分析当地2009-2012年间发生手足口病的1242例患者的临床资料,通过统计学分析方法,总结当地手足口病的流行特征,并通过总结防治经验,探讨控制疫情的策略。结果:通过从患者年龄、病原体、发病季节、感染原因等方面进行统计处理患者临床资料发现,当地手足口病具有以下流行特征:患者高发年龄为0-3岁;Cox A16和EV 71病毒为主要病原体;春、夏两季为疾病的高发阶段;超过半数患者,对传染源不清楚,已知传染源中,以接触传播(肢体接触、公共用品等)、饮食传播和分泌排泄物传播(飞沫、痰液、粪便等)为主。结论:通过总结归纳当地的手足口病流行特征,从而有针对性的制定控制策略,达到控制疫情发展,减少发病率的效果。

Objective To investigate the hand-foot-mouth-disease(HFMD) epidemiological characteristics and control strategies.Methods: From 2009 to 2012,the clinical data of 1242 cases with HFMD were retrospectively analyzed,the epidemiological characteristics of local HFMD were summarized by statistical analysis methods,and strategies to control the epidemic were investigated by summarizing the prevention experience.Results: Through statistical treatment of patients clinical data of patients age,pathogens,onset seasons and infection reason,et al,some epidemiological characteristics in local HFMD were found: high incidence age of patients were 0-3 years,Cox A 16 and EV71 virus were main pathogens,spring and summer were high state of HFMD,infection source of more than half of patients were not clear,contact transmission(physical contact and public goods),foodborne transmission,excretory propagation(spindrift,sputamentum and night soil,et al) were main infection sources in known infection sources.Conclusion: The local HFMD epidemiological characteristics were summarized,control strategies were targeted formulated,the epidemic development were controlled,the incidence was decreased.