双线船闸引航道水力特性数值模拟

Numerical simulation of hydraulic characteristics of a double-line locks approach channel

长沙综合枢纽双线船闸共用引航道,船闸引用流量大,在灌、泄水时引航道内形成非恒定流,水流十分复杂.为确保引航道内船舶航行和停泊安全,采用三维数学模型对船闸最不利运行工况下引航道内复杂非恒定流进行了深入研究,分析了复杂水流形成机理、发展和传播过程,获得了不利工况下的波高、波速、比降和系缆力等水力要素,提出并研究了双线船闸错峰运行和增加船闸旁侧泄水等改善措施,有效改善了引航道内水流条件.研究成果已应用于依托工程中,船闸试运行表明研究提出的改善措施十分有效,该成果可供类似工程参考借鉴.

The double-line locks of Changsha forms unsteady flow during locks empting and navigation-hydropower junction share an approach channel, in which filling water because of large discharge flow. The unsteady flow is very complex, so ship navigation and berthing safety may subject to dangers. To ensure the safety of the ship navigation and berthing, hydraulic characteristics of complex unsteady flow in the approach channel under the most unfavorable operation condition are studied in detail by means of a three dimensional mathematical model. The formation, developing and spreading mechanisms of wave are analyzed, and these hydraulic factors such as wave height, wave velocity, gradient and mooring force are obtained from numerical simulation. And some improvement measures to help the double locks to operate by means of staggered flow peak and the locks to discharge the water not to the downstream navigation channel directly but to the side pipeline are proposed. These measures mentioned above have improved effectively the flow condition in the approach channel and been applied successfully to the supporting projects. Research results can be taken as a reference for the similar projects in future.