放射肿瘤学进展

Recent progress of radiation oncology

近年来放射肿瘤学有较大的发展 ,临床方面如早期乳腺癌的保乳房手术加放射治疗 ,其 1至 10年的生存率与乳腺根治术一样。局部复发率也一样 ,但保留了乳房。膀胱癌及远端直肠癌的化疗加放射治疗在一部分患者中取得了很好的疗效 ,保存了器官。确定了放射治疗后局部肿瘤控制可减少远处转移。线性二次模型是放射生物学应用于临床放射治疗的最大贡献。

Recent progress of Radiation Oncology is reviewed. Clinical aspects: The 1 to 10 year survival rates are similar in conservative treatment (lumpectomy or quardrictomy plus irradiation ) and radical mastectomy in the treatment of early carcinoma of breast,the recurrent rates are similar in both arms but the former consaves the breast. Chemotherapy plus radiotherapy in the treatment of carcinoma of the bladder and carcinoma of distal rectum gives good results in some patients. Local control of the cancer after radiotherapy reduces distant metastasis. Linear quadratic model is one of the most important recent developments in radiobiology applied to radiotherapy. The clinical basis and problems of the 3 D conformal and intensity modulated radiation therapy are discussed.