无线传感器网络中基于拍卖博弈的数据包转发算法

Auction Game Based Packet Forwarding Algorithm in Wireless Sensor Networks

在无线传感器网络中,为了提高能量的利用率和增强数据包转发的可靠性,设计了PFAG(Packet ForwardingAlgorithm Based on Auction Game)算法。该算法将数据包转发过程看作一种多阶段拍卖博弈过程,其中源节点作为买方,邻居节点作为卖方。邻居节点根据拍卖博弈模型中的标价函数给出相应标价,源节点通过选择最佳的转发节点以使自己的收益最大化。当数据包转发成功后,源节点退出此次博弈,转发节点作为买方启动新一轮拍卖博弈,依次迭代,直到数据包被成功发送到目的节点。经过这样一个多阶段的拍卖博弈过程,源节点最终可找出一条能耗低、稳定且可靠的包转发路径。仿真结果表明,PFAG算法可有效的降低和平衡网络能耗,具备传输可靠性高和适应网络规模变化性强的特点。

In order to improve the energy utilization and strengthen the reliability of packet forwarding in wireless sensor networks,this paper proposes a PFAG algorithm（Packet Forwarding Algorithm Based on Auction Game）.This algorithm treats the process of packet forwarding as a multistage auction game,in which the source node is regarded as the buyer and the neighbor node as the seller.According to the bidding function,each neighbor node gives a corresponding bid price,then the source node selects an optimal relay to maximize its own payoff in the game.After forwarding packet successfully,the source node retreats from the current auction game stage while the relay node launches a new stage of auction game as buyer.Such processes will be iterated until the packet is transmitted to the destination successfully.Therefore,the source node can find a low energy consumption and reliable packet forwarding path through the process of multistage auction game.Simulation results indicate the PFAG algorithm can not only reduce and balance the energy consumption effectively,but also promote the quality and reliability of transmission.On different network size,simulation results also show the PFAG has better adaptability than other algorithms.