现代汉语象声词的语言性质和运用特征

The Language Properties of Onomatopoeia and Application Characteristics

汉语里的象声词非常丰富,具有极强的生命力和表现力,在口语和文学作品中,发挥着非常重要的作用。象声词作为语言符号,具有语言符号的共性,即任意性、社会性和系统性,但象声词又是以音表音的特殊词类,它的任意性又受到一定的限制,表现在音义结合的相似性和可辩证性上。象声词的任意性和可辩证性决定了象声词在使用上的限制性和灵活性。

Chinese onomatopoeia is very rich and has strong vitality and expressive force. It plays a very important role in language usage, especially in oral and literary works. As a symbol of language, onomatopoeia has its common feature of universals, arbitrariness, soeiality and system, meanwhile it is a special part of speech , as sound onomatopoeia phonetic, subject to certain restrictions in similarity and dialectical characteristic. It＇ s arbitrary and dialectical characteristics determine the restriction and flexibility in the use of onomatopoeia.