不同环境及栽培条件下啤用大麦阿拉伯木聚糖含量的变化

Changes of Arabinoxylan Content in Malting Barley under Different Environments and Cultivation Conditions

阿拉伯木聚糖(AX)含量是影响啤用大麦品质的主要因素之一。利用3个二棱大麦品种,研究了籽粒灌浆期AX含量和内切木聚糖酶活性(EA)的变化动态以及施氮量、施肥期、种植密度和种植地点对AX含量的影响。结果表明,3个品种的AX含量和EA在灌浆期变化趋势基本相同,表现为阿拉伯木聚糖总含量(TAX)、非水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量(WUAX)和EA在整个灌浆期呈下降趋势,水溶性阿拉伯木聚糖含量(WEAX)比例较低,且呈先增后降的趋势。与其他两品种比较,浙大9号在籽粒灌浆期TAX含量始终较高、EA始终较低。浙大9号籽粒TAX含量在杭州点显著高于在桐乡点,而WEAX含量在桐乡点显著高于在杭州点。播种量、氮肥用量及运筹对桐乡点籽粒TAX和WEAX含量均无显著影响,但在杭州点这3种农艺因子均显著影响WEAX含量。

Arabinoxylan （AX） content in barley grains is a principal chemical component affecting malt quality. The changes of arabinoxylan content and endoxylanase activity （EA） in grains during grain filling and their responses to agronomic factors, such as nitrogen rate and application timing, plant density, and growing site, were investigated using two-rowed barley cultivars, Hua 30, Zhcda 9, and Zhexiu 12. All that three barley cultivars had the same changing trend in AX content and EA during grain-filling period. Contents of total arabinoxylan （TAX）, water unextractable arabinoxylan （WUAX）, and EA declined constantly during grain filling stage, and content of water extractable arabinoxylan （WEAX）, a small proportion of TAX, increased at early stage and declined at late stage. When Zbeda 9 was planted in Hangzhou and Tongxiang of Zbejiang Province, TAX content in grains was significantly higher in Hangzhou than in Tongxiang, and the opposite was true for WEAX content. The effects of plant den- sity and nitrogen application rate and timing were not significant on both TAX and WEAX contents in Tongxiang, while the effect was significant of these factors on WEAX contents in Hangzhou.