秦巴山区公路崩塌灾害成因与防治对策

Causes and protective measures for collapse disasters of highway in Qinba mountainous area

为进一步研究秦巴山区公路崩塌灾害的影响因素和形成原因,减轻灾害对山区公路交通的影响并提出相应防治对策,采用实地调查和理论分析的方法,对G108周至、佛坪和宁强段崩塌情况进行了研究。查明了区内主要环境条件;调查了20处崩塌灾害点,根据受力状态和灾害形态将崩塌分为滑塌、劈裂和碎落等3类,并对其中规模较大、成因复杂的3处灾害点进行了分析;从内在因素和外在因素两方面探讨了崩塌灾害的影响因素,从边坡坡度、坡面形态、岩体性质、降雨条件和人类工程活动等方面研究了崩塌灾害的形成原因;最后从加强监测、完善排水、边坡防护和工程治理等4个方面提出了灾害防治对策。研究结果可为陕南秦巴山区公路崩塌灾害防治提供一定的参考。

In order to study the impacting factors and causes of collapse disasters of highway in Qin- ba mountainous area, to mitigate disaster impact on highway traffic and to propose corresponding prevention and countermeasures, a field survey and a theoretical analysis method were used to re- search the collapses in G108 Zhouzhi, Foping and Ningqiang sections. The major environmental conditions of the area and 20 collapse points were identified, which were divided into slumping, splitting and recollected fragments according to the loading states. Three large scale disasters with complex genesis were analyzed ; the impacting factors of the collapses were explored from the internal and extrinsic aspects; the causes of the collapses were investigated from the aspect of the angle of slope, slope morphology, rock mass property, rainfall conditions, human activities and other as- pects. Disaster prevention and countermeasures, such as strengthening the monitoring, consumma- ting drainage, slope protection, and engineering governance, etc. , were put forward. This study could provide certain reference for disaster prevention and control of highway collapses in southern Shaanxi Qinba mountainous area.