1930年辽西大水灾诱因考察——基于环境史视角

Big flood of western Liaoning province in 1930:A case study of environmental history

作为近百年来中国灾害史上的一次重要的极端天气灾害事件,1930年辽西大水灾不是一个偶发的孤立的天气灾害事件,而是与东北地区特别是辽西地区森林植被的破坏、农业的过度垦殖有密切关系。将该事件作为一个环境史的典型个案放到整个东北百年来的开发史背景下进行考察,清楚地凸现出环境破坏对于局部天气的影响:正是百年来辽西森林的过度砍伐所造成的山体裸露、植被破坏以及防洪堤坝建设滞后等人为因素,成为招致此次大水灾的重要环境原因。

Big flood of western Liaoning province in 1930 is an important extreme weather disaster event in the disaster history in China. This incident is not an occasional isolation of weather disasters, but an incident closely connected with the destruction of forest vegetation, the excessive reclamation of agriculture in northeast China, especially western Liaoning region. Making the event as a typical case in the whole northeast China under the background of the development history of one hundred years, the influence of environmental damage on the local weather is obvious： the mountain bare, vegetation destruction caused by forest deforestation of westem Liaoning lasting one hundred years and man-made factors, such as flood control embankment construction lags, are important environmental reasons causing the big flood.