《列仙传》神仙思想摭谈

On the Immortal Belief in Lie Xian Zhuan

作为我国第一部神仙传记,《列仙传》较为鲜明地体现了早期神仙思想的特点。从《列仙传》所记群仙的来源来看,绝大多数是来自社会各阶层的普通人物;从形貌上来看,大多与常人相差无几,只有少数稍显怪异;从其升仙途径来看,主要是靠服食、导引行气等个人修炼的方法而得道成仙;从叙事模式来看,人仙之间的关系也显得较为密切,而较少隔阂。与上古时期带有贵族化倾向的神仙信仰相比,汉代的神仙思想已经带有较为浓厚的平民色彩。

As Chinese first immortal biography, Lie Xian Zhuan embodied the characteristics of early immortal belief more vividly. From the sources of immortals written in Lie Xian Zhuan, the vast majority were from ordinary people of all walks of life; by appearance, most were similar to normal men, only a few slightly strange; and their immortal ways were Mainly to rely on the personal practice methods, such as eating elixirs, Daoyin, and Xingqi, etc; from narrative perspective, the relationship between immortals and mortals also appeared more closely, with less barrier. Compared with the ancient immortal belief with aristocratic tendency, the immortal thoughts of Han Dynasty has a relatively strone common oeoole color.