基于相位法激光测距原理的雪深传感器研究与应用

Study and Application of Snow Depth Sensor Based on Principles of Phase-Method Laser Rangefinding

从传感器测量原理、观测方法、数据处理算法等方面介绍了一种利用相位法激光测距原理测量积雪深度的雪深传感器,并参加了中国气象局于2010/2011年在黑龙江通河、新疆阿勒泰等台站开展的积雪深度对比观测试验,与超声波传感器和人工测量积雪深度进行了对比,比较了三者之间测量结果的差异。试验结果表明:这种激光雪深传感器能够适应冬季严寒和暴雪天气条件,可以连续、自动、准确的监测雪面变化过程;与超声波雪深传感器相比,激光雪深传感器测量结果更加稳定,更加接近人工观测结果;激光雪深传感器与人工测量雪深结果之间的平均误差约为,测量精度达到《地面气象观测规范》要求。

A snow depth sensor based on the the phase-method laser rangefinding of the sensor measurement principle, observation method, and data processing algorithm, which participated in the snow depth contrast observational experiments between such stations as Tonghe （Heilongiiang River）, Ahai （XinSiang）, etc., organized by the China Meteorological Administation in 2010 and 20ll. The measurements are compared with the ultrasonic sensor and artificial measured snow depth data. The results indicates that this laser snow depth sensor can adapt to winter cold and Blizzard weather conditions well, can monitor snow surface changes continuously, automatically, and accurately; compared to the ultrasonic snow deep sensor, the laser snow depth sensor measurements are more stable and closer to artificial observation; the average difference between the laser snow depth sensor and artificial measurement snow deep results is about 1 cm, and the measurement precision reached the requirements of ＂Ground Meteorological Observation Specification＂.