不同基因型甘蔗组培苗钾营养特性研究

Study on Nutritional Features of Potassium in Different Genotypes of Tissue Culture Sugarcane Seedling

通过组培研究了不同基因型甘蔗组培苗对钾营养的需求差异,为培育优质甘蔗组培苗奠定基础。组培苗在不同钾水平的培养基中生长50天后,对其鲜重和干重的净增加量以及钾含量和钾累积量等进行统计分析。在0～30mmol/L钾浓度范围内,‘粤糖60’和‘粤糖55’在15mmol/L钾浓度下的鲜重净增加量达到最大值,‘ROC22’、‘粤糖236’和‘粤引618’则是在20mmol/L钾浓度下鲜重净增加达到最大值。各基因型均在20mmol/L钾浓度条件下干重净增加量达到最大值。在0～0.2mmol/L的极低钾浓度下‘,粤糖60’和‘粤糖55’的鲜重净增加量和干重净增加量显著高于‘粤糖236’和‘粤引618’。各基因型组培苗的钾含量和钾累积量均随着培养基钾浓度的升高而升高。‘粤糖60’和‘粤糖55’耐低钾胁迫能力强于‘粤糖236’和‘粤引618’。甘蔗组培苗对钾营养的吸收利用,不同基因型之间差异显著;利用组培的方法可以进行甘蔗营养学试验研究。

Tissue culture experiments of sugarcane were conducted to study the differences of potassium nutritional requirements of different genotypes of sugarcane seedling. It laid the foundation for high-quality sugarcane seedling breeding. Fifty days after tissue culture seedlings grew in different potassium concentration medium, the net fresh weight increase （NFWI）, the net dry weight increase （NDWI）, potassium content and potassium cumulant of seedling were input to do statistical analysis. The results showed that five genotypes had different potassium nutritional characteristics. With the concentration of potassium in culture medium in ranged of 0-30 mmol/L, NFWI of ‘YT60’ and ‘YT55’ were highest at 15 mmol/L, while ‘ROC22’, ‘YT236’ and ‘YY618’ reached the maximum at 20 mmol/L. However, NDWI of all the five genotypes reached the maximum at 20 mmol/L. Under low-K level （with the potassium concentration in range of 0-0.2 mmol/L）, the NFWI and NDWI of ‘YT60’ and ‘YT55’ were significantly higher than ‘YT236’ and ‘YY618’ . In addition, the potassium content and potassium accumulation in plantlets of each genotype increased with the increase of potassium concentration in the medium. ‘YT60’ and ‘YT55’ had stronger tolerance to low potassium stress than ‘YT236’ and ‘YY618’. There were significant differences of potassium nutritional requirements betweenthe different genotypes; and the tissue culture was proven to be a new method for plant nutrition study of sugarcane.