壳聚糖絮凝剂的研究进展与应用

The Progress in Chitosan Research and Its Applications

壳聚糖作为一种天然有机高分子絮凝剂,在酸性溶液中易形成阳离子型聚电解质,在污水处理、中药提取技术[1](絮凝澄清法)等方面显示出良好的絮凝效果,且由于壳聚糖安全环保,可进行生物降解,因此在工业领域得到广泛应用。本文对近年来各课题组在壳聚糖方面做出的研究进行综述,用少量有特色的例子着重讲述壳聚糖作为本体絮凝剂、改性絮凝剂以及复合絮凝剂的性能差异,并对现有壳聚糖的改性和复合方法进行总结。

As a natural organic macromolecule flocculant which could become cationic polyelectrolyte in acid solution, chitosan had apparent flocculation effects in sewage treatment, Chinese medicine extraction （Natural clarify medium）and other aspects. According to its environment and biodegradable, it was widely used in the industrial feature security, friendly to the circle. But the chitosan had a inertial chemical property and was still restricted with difficult solubility, which showed the incapability in commercial run. To broaden the research prospect of chitosan, firstly, this article summarized the researches which had been done by large numbers of research groups in the resent years. Secondly, it compared the different performances of chitosan by using a small amount of featuring examples as the flocculating agents, modified macromolecular flocculants and composite flocculants. And at last, concisely summarized the ways to modify and compound, which would be a steppingstone to research the further flocculating abilities of chitosan.