表面活性剂在三次采油中的应用

Application of Surfactants in Eor

根据石油开发过程的方式,将石油开发分成三个阶段:一次采油、二次采油和三次采油。在一次采油和二次采油后,为了进一步提高原油采收率,需要进行三次采油。三次采油主要有化学驱、气驱、热力采油驱和微生物驱。表面活性剂驱油技术是化学驱中的一种重要驱油方式,本文介绍了表面活性剂的分类、驱油机理、技术要求、注入参数和在三次采油中的应用,同时对表面活性剂在油田开发中的应用提出了几点建议。

According to the way of oil development process, the oil development can be divided into three stages： primary oil recovery, secondary oil recovery and tertiary oil recovery. After a recovery and the secondary oil recovery, in order to further improve oil recovery, tertiary oil recovery is needed. Tertiary oil recovery are mainly chemical flooding and gas flooding, ther- mal recovery flooding and microbial flooding. Surfactant flooding technology is a kind of important chemical flooding in oil dis- placement. This paper introduces the classification of surfactants and oil displacement mechanism, technical requirements, in- jection parameters and the application in the tertiary oil recovery. At the same time, some suggestions of the application of surfactant in oil field development are put forward.