论佛教思想对经济学效用理论的修正

A Revise of Buddhist Thoughts to the Theory of Utility in Economics

佛教思想对经济学效用理论进行修正,是将效用重新归入和欲望相一致的"趋乐避苦"的伦理道德范畴,进而说明欲望理论在幸福方程式中的缺位使得效用理论对幸福最大化的指向独臂难支,最终通过建立相应的欲望理论范式来实现。欲望理论范式的关键是在同类物质的生产中减少物品的品种,以至于当边际欲望品种恒等于零时,达到同类物质中物品品种的单一化。由于"六触入处"无常,同类物质中单种物品的情况下,幸福最大化的情形并非是永恒的,只有当单种物品的边际欲望和边际效用恒等于零时,才能实现幸福恒常化。

Buddhist thoughts revises utility theory through putting utility back into an ethics category of ＂a- way from sufferings and getting happiness＂, that is consistent with desire correspondingly, then explaining that desire theory in the absence of happiness equation makes utility theory hardly support maximization of happiness, and at last establishes an indispensable desire theory. Desire theory states an important conclu- sion that varieties of congener items must be reduced in production, so that when marginal desire of varie- ties is identically vanishing, single species in congener items is realized. Due to impermanence of mankind＇s feelings in six touches （i. e. eyes, ears, nose, tongue, body, mind）, maximization of happiness under single species in congener items can hardly keep eternal. Constant happiness arises only when mar- ginal desire and marginal utility of single kinds of items are identically vanishing.