摘要
N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸受体(NMDAR)家族是离子型谷氨酸受体,可调节神经元多种活动,如轴突、树突的结构发育和突触可塑性改变、神经元之间回路形成及学习记忆等。NMDAR是由不同亚基组成的同源异聚体,源于7个不同基因的编码剪接(NR1、NR2A-D和NR3A-B),独异于其中的NR3A亚基对兴奋性毒性的负性调节在不同疾病中却发挥了双向作用。在学习记忆认知和精神分裂症中是促疾病恶化的,而在脑白质损伤、缺血缺氧性神经损伤等疾病中却发挥了一定的神经保护作用,究其原因是NR3A的加入使得受体特性发生了改变。
N-methyl-D-aspartate receptors（NMDAR） belong to the superfamily of ionotropic glutamate receptors involved in the regulation of neuron survivals, for example, axons and dendrites structural development, synaptic plasticity, neuron circuit formation and learning and memorizing activities. The NMDAR is a homologous heteromeric made up by multiple subunits deriving from seven different genes （ NR1, NR2A-D and NR3A-B）. NR3A subunit different from other subunits which offers negative regulation to excitotoxicity plays two-way role in neurological disorders. NR3A subunits promote disease progression in cognition,learning, memory and schizophrenia,while it plays a neuroprotective role in white matter injury and hypoxia-ischemia nerve damage. The reason is that NR3A changes NMDA receptors＇ characteristics and structures.
出处
《医学综述》
2013年第17期3092-3095,共4页
Medical Recapitulate
