上尿路结石治疗新进展

Advances in the Therapy of Upper Urinary Calculi

上尿路结石是一种发病率很高的疾病,其引起的并发症也最为严重,大多数患者需要住院治疗,医疗费用高昂。对上尿路结石治疗一直以药物保守与开放手术为主。近年来,随着腔镜泌尿外科及微创技术的发展,涌现出许多新的治疗方法。目前,上尿路结石的治疗方法包括开放手术、输尿管镜碎石术、经皮肾镜碎石术(PCNL)、微创PCNL和腹腔镜切开取石术等。然而,其有效性、安全性仍需临床实践来检验。

Upper urinary calculi is a kind of disease of high incidence, the complications of which are the most serious, and most patients need hospital treatment generating high medical cost. The treatment has been conservative drug treatment and open surgery for long. In recent years, along with the development of cavity mirror urology and minimally invasive technology, many new therapeutic methods have beel emerging. The current treatments include open surgery, ureteroscopy lithotripsy （ URSL）, percutaneous nephro- lithotomy lithotripsy（PCNL） , minimally invasive PCNL and laparoscopic lithotomy, though the effective- ness and safety still need to be tested in clinical.