论魏晋士人的执著与超越——以《世说新语》为主要考察文本

On Persistence and Transcendence in Wei and Jin Dynasty Scholars

执著与超越本来是两种具有一定矛盾性的精神气质。一般而言,执著者往往难于超越,而超越者往往不会执著,但魏晋士人却把两者完美地融合在了一起,成就了他们高度的人格之美。在一个社会动荡,道德解体的时代里,魏晋士人们的这种高度的人格之美让他们身上散发出德性的光辉,也让他们在艺术领域取得了无与伦比的成就。如果中华民族想要重塑自身优美的精神气质,那么魏晋士人所具有的执著与超越相融合的人格之美也不乏深刻的启示意义。

Persistence and transcendence are two kinds of contratic spiritual temperament. Generally speaking, man who is persistent always can not transcend, and man who is transcend always can not be persistent, but in Wei and Jin dynasty, scholars mixed these two kinds of spiritual temperament together perfectly, and achieved their high beautiful personalities. In disordering Wei and Jin dynasty, the traditional Confucian moral system was destroyed, but the high beautiful personalities of Wei and Jin dynasty scholars made them emit moral glory, and made them achieve very high art achievement. If the Chinese nation wants to rebuild noble spiritual temperament, Wei and Jin dynasty scholars＇ beautiful personalities which mixed per- sistence and transcendence together perfectly has a kind of deep enlightenment meaning.