中国英语学习者作格动词被动泛化:动词语类意识假设

Overpassivation of Ergatives in Learners' Language: The Verbal Consciousness Account

由于以往的研究对学习者英语作格动词被动泛化现象的解释缺乏理论的充分性,因此,本文尝试提出动词语类意识假设对该现象进行解释。假设认为:作格动词分为偶性和奇性作格动词两类,两者在学习者语言产出时被动泛化的动因有异。偶性作格动词被动泛化现象主要归因于明示语法规则、偶性作格动词词目中冗余信息以及"使役性"动词用法迁移;而奇性作格动词被动泛化的主要原因是学习者在语言产出时,由于交际压力、时间等因素,学习者的注意力主要指向语言内容,在此过程中明示语法规则失去监察作用,奇性作格动词词目中"及物性"、"使役性"等句法信息共同导致了其被动泛化。

Pervious research provides inadequate explanations on L2 learners＇ergative overpassivation. Hence, the paper set forth the verbal category and further on the basis of which proposed a hypothesis of verbal consciousness to amount to a unifying account of such overpassivation. The hyp^thesis started with the category of the ergatives in which contains paired and unpaired ergatives. Theoverpassivation of the former can be attributed to explicit grammar rules, the causality in the ergative lemma and transfer of the usage of the causatives,while the latter can be attributed to the transitivity and the causality in the ergative temma which exerts functions when learners are involved in communicative pressure, inadequacy of time for language processing and attention to the language contents when the explicit grammatical rules have no monitoring role to play.