村镇银行盈利性与扶弱性协同发展研究——基于关系型贷款视角

A Research on the Collaborative Development of Country Banks' Profitability and Supporting to Disadvantaged Groups——Based on the Perspective of Relationship Lending

村镇银行作为一种新型农村金融机构,是我国农村金融机构"正规化"改革的有力实践,也是解决农村金融供给不足的有效途径。按照村镇银行设立的相关规定,首先要支持与"三农"相关的其他金融供给无法满足的金融需求。然而相关证据表明,村镇银行的商业性追求利润增长与其支持"三农"的内在要求之间存在较大差距,使村镇银行本身失去了其独立、有效供给金融服务的功能;相反,村镇银行成为其大股东有效拓广金融边界的制度安排。文章从村镇银行商业化经营与服务"三农"之间的矛盾出发,分别从村镇银行的制度设计缺陷以及现实困境等方面寻找村镇银行在我国农村地区可持续发展的可行路径。其中,村镇银行积极采取关系型借贷模式并有效吸收美国社区银行的发展经验可能是当前形势下化解矛盾的必由之路。

As a new rural financial institution,rural bank is the powerful reform practice of China＇s rural financial institutions and an effective way to solve the shortage of rural finance supply.According to the relevant provisions set by rural bank,its primary goal is to meet the financial needs related to the three agricultural issues which other financial institutions can＇t solve.However,relevant evidences show that there is a big gap between the rural bank＇s pursuit of commercial profit growth and its inherent requirement of supporting the three agricultural issues.This makes the rural bank lose its function of supplying independent and effective financial service.On the contrary,it becomes the institutional arrangements by which its big shareholders effectively outreach the financial boundary.Based on the contradiction between rural bank＇s commercial operation and serving the three agricultural issues as the starting point,this paper aims to find the viable path of town banks sustainable development in our country＇s rural area.The inevitable course to deal with the current contradictions is that the rural bank actively takes the relational borrowing mode and effectively absorbs the American community bank＇s development experiences.