基于生物湿法冶金的废旧印刷线路板金属资源化研究进展

The Recovery of Metals from Printed Circuit Board Scrap by Bio-hydrometallurgical Processing-A Review

随着科技的快速发展,电子产品数量的急剧增加及其使用周期的不断缩短,全球面临着前所未有的电子废物产生浪潮。一种数量巨大的典型电子废弃物-废旧印刷线路板如何实现绿色、低能耗的处理已成为当前电子废弃物处理中关键问题之一。利用微生物湿法冶金技术将废旧印刷线路板中金属浸出,制备高纯金属,已成为21世纪电子废物处理的前沿技术,同时电子废物的微生物湿法冶金机制探讨已成为近年来的研究热点。本文重点分析微生物湿法冶金处理废旧印刷线路板浸提过程中的微生物种类、影响浸提因素、微生物的浸出机制以及今后需要继续研究的问题。

With the rapid development of science and technology, the electric and electronic equipment has been developed, ap- plied, and consumed worldwide at a very high speed. Subsequently, the ever increasing amount of waste electric and electronic equipment （WEEE） has become a common problem facing the world. One kind of a large number of electronic wastes is printed circuit board scrap （PCBs） as typical WEEE waste. Eco-friendly and energy-saving processes are urgently needed to recycle metals from PCBs and this has become one of the complex problem. Printed circuit board scrap metals were leached by microbi- al hydrometallurgical technology, followed by production of high purity metals directly. This has become the 21st century state-of-art of e-waste processing technologies. More attention has been played to recycling PCBs by microbial hydrometallurgi- cal process. This article reviewed microbial species, the extraction of factors, microbial leaching mechanisms, and future trends needed in the issues during microbial hydrometallurgical extraction metals in PCBs.