历史“背影”的叙述与策略——从艾伟长篇小说《风和日丽》谈起

Narrative Strategy on Historical Stories: A Study of Feng He Ri Li by Aiwei

小说《风和日丽》的叙事策略是通过主人公身份、角色的变迁以及所表现出来的矛盾与悖论,将私人化的经验叙事替代新中国历史的宏大叙事。作为新历史小说共同的叙事策略,这是作者既不引起意识形态反感,甚至与意识形态政治共同完成对过去历史进行遗忘的合谋,又实现了知识分子自我对于严肃的历史事件的逃避和迂回。作者不是像通常的新历史小说那样"重述历史",而是在对革命光环笼罩下的历史袪魅的同时,进一步对"重述历史"加以否定。作者采用一种貌似逼近"真实"、实际上却是低调的第一人称反思性语段,强调了历史的荒谬性,通过不断纠正、补充、反思、解构的过程,使小说达到了新的深度。

The novel Feng He Ri Li indicates the contradictions and paradox of narrative strategy by describing the changes of heroes＇ identities and characters, which are personal stories and replace grand historical stories of the new China. This kind of narrative strategy not only caters to ideological politics which intends to forget the history, but also helps intellectuals to avoid serious historical events. The author ＂retells＂ the history as others did. Furthermore, he redenies it after disenchantment of the history under revolution aura. The modest reflection of the first person, which seems to be close to the ＂truth＂, emphasizes the historical absurdity. The novel reaches a new depth by continuous correcting, improving, rethinking, and deconstructing.