杂多化合物催化剂的固载方法及应用

The immobilized methods and applications of heteropoly compound catalyst

杂多化合物作为一类环境友好催化剂,广泛应用于酸催化和氧化-还原催化反应,而杂多化合物的固载方法对催化剂稳定性及活性都有很大影响。本文对近年来国内外杂多化合物的固载方法及应用进行了系统综述,对瓶中造船法、接枝法、孔道包覆法和层间嵌入法等特殊固载方法进行了重点评述。这些用特殊固载方法制备的具有较强主客体相互作用或/和限域作用的负载杂多化合物催化剂各有其特点,适用于不同类型的催化反应。其中,瓶中造船法和孔道包覆法既可保持杂多化合物的酸性和氧化性,又能减少活性组分流失,是制备固载杂多化合物催化剂的理想方法,为研究高稳定性杂多化合物催化剂提供参考。

As environment-friendly catalyst,heteropoly compounds own the merits of non-corrosion,strong acidity,strong oxidization,adjustable acidity and pseudo-liquid property,which were extensively used in the fields of photoelectricity,catalysis,refining technology,chemical engineering and the synthesis of fine chemicals.In this article,the immobilizations and applications of heteropoly compounds in recent years were summarized in detail,and ship-in-the-bottle method,grafting method,channel-coating method and interlayer-embedding method were focused.The heteropoly compound catalysts prepared with these special immobilizations have strong host-guest interaction and/or channel confined effect,which were used in different types of catalytic reactions.With the ship-in-the-bottle method and channel-coating method,both the acidity and oxidation of heteropoly compounds can be kept,while the leaching content of active species is reduced.These advantages make them as the ideal methods for the preparation of immobilized heteropoly compound catalysts,and provide references for high stability catalyst.