吉林省中朝俄边境地区恙螨的生态研究

Ecological Study of Chigger Mites in Frontiers of Korea Russia and Jilin Province of China

目的 :调查吉林省中朝俄边境地区恙螨的生态习性。方法 :笼日法捕活鼠 ,收集恙螨 ,鉴定种类。结果 :1990～ 1995年在珲春、和龙市采获恙螨 5 161只 ,计 4属 13种 ,田宫新恙螨( 36.0 % )、波氏新恙螨 ( 15 .9% )、已纤恙螨 ( 14 .9% )和日本新恙螨 ( 11.3% )为主要种类。不同生境、鼠种和月份的恙螨种类组成有所不同。红背染螨率最高 ( 92 .0 % ) ,东方田鼠染螨指数最高( 91.5只 )。已纤恙螨、波氏新恙螨、田宫新恙螨和虾夷五角恙螨的活动季节分别为 4.5、3.5、2 .5和 2 .0月 ;均出现一次高峰。结论 :该地区恙虫病媒介恙螨有待深入研究。

The results are reported in this paper of ecological study of chigger mites in frontiers of Korea,Russia and Jilin province of China during 1990-1995. 5 161 chigger mites belonging to 4 genera and 13 species were recorded from Hunchun and Helong city. The predominant species were Neotrombicula tamiyai (36.0%),N.pomeranzevi (15.9%),Leptotrombidium zeta (14.9%) and N.japonica (11.3%).The composition of species of chigger mites varies with different habitats,mice and months.The mouse with the higherst infested rates by the chigger mits was Clethrionomys rutilus(92.0%).Microtus fortis has the highest infested index (91.5) by the chigger mites. The active durations were 135 days for L.zeta, 105 days for N.pomeranzevi, 75 days for N. microti and 60 days for M.esoensis. During active seasons,there was only peak for L.zeta,N.pomeranzevi,N.microti and M.esoensis.