大兴安岭东南麓低山丘陵黄鼠寄生蚤生态及鼠疫媒介意义

Ecologic Investigation on the Parasitic Fleas of Citellus dauricus in Hill Grassland of Southeast Daxinganling and their Vehicle Role in Plague

目的 :研究黄鼠寄生蚤数量组成、季节消长及其鼠疫媒介意义。方法 :1987～ 1989年每年 4～ 8月 ,按月抽取样方捕鼠、挖巢及探洞 ,对所获鼠体、鼠巢、洞干蚤分类统计。结果 :黄鼠寄生蚤获 9种 ,其中体蚤 8种、巢蚤 4种、洞干蚤 6种。方形黄鼠蚤松江亚种为优势种 ,占总蚤数的87.85 % ;阿巴盖新蚤次之 ,占 7.2 2 % ;其它蚤仅占 4.43%。方形黄鼠蚤松江亚种在低山丘陵黄鼠疫源地起主要媒介作用。结论 :本地区黄鼠的主要寄生蚤为方形黄鼠蚤松江亚种 ,并为主要传播媒介 ,与其他地区基本相同 ;阿巴盖新蚤与其他地区不同 ,居第 2位 ,该蚤与角尖眼蚤指名亚种可自然感染鼠疫。

To investigate species composition and their populations changing with seasons of the parasitic fleas of Citellus dauricus and their vehicle role in plague,we used the methods of trapping and digging nests and exploring holes every month from April to August during 1987-1989.The results showed that there were 9 species parasitic fleas from Citellus dauricus, there were 8 species on Citellus dauricus body,4 species in the nest,6 species in the hole trunks. The numbers of Citellophilus tesquorum sungaris occupied 87.85% of total,Neopsylly abagaitui occupied 7.72%,others was 4.43%.Citellopillus tesquorum sungaris plaied a main vehile role in Citellus dauricus plague foci.Neopsylly abagaitui,Ophthalmopsylla praefecta p. can infect plague naturally.