理解“第一哲人”泰勒斯的四种路径

Four Approaches to Understanding Tales "the First Philosopher"

泰勒斯具有第一哲人地位的理由有四个方面:首先,从神话与物活论角度重新思考泰勒斯的"物活论"的真实含义,表面其与神话的不同以及与水之本原说的关联;其次,从科学发现之论争进而探索泰勒斯的"科学"研究有何哲学含义;然后,从泰勒斯的宇宙论与形而上学的关系出发,思考泰勒斯的"水"本原思想,寻找合理解释;最后关注泰勒斯的自返性思考及其实践哲学意义。总之,从不同角度重新梳理泰勒斯作为第一哲人的哲学含义,也就是重新思考哲学在开端处的完整蕴意,为思考哲学的起点与归宿提供借鉴。

In this paper,we re-exam from four aspects the reasons why Tales should be regarded as the first philosopher.First of all,we rethink about the true meaning of Tales＇ ＂animatism＂ to show its difference from the myth and its relevance to the theory of water as the ɑ ＇ρχ η＇.Secondly,we explore the philosophical meaning of Tales＇ ＂science＂ from the controversy of scientific finding.We move on to examine the relationship between the cosmology and metaphysical thinking of Tales to seek a reasonable explanation of his theory of water as the ɑ ＇ρχ η＇.Finally,we pay attention to the self-reflective thinking of Tales and its practical significance.In short,to explore Tales as the first philosopher from different angles is to rethink about the complete meaning of philosophy in the very beginning,which will help us understand the starting point and destination of philosophical thinking.