不同海拔高度对紫色马铃薯产量、品质及花青素含量的影响

Effects of Different Altitudes on Yield,Quality and Anthocyanin Content of Purple Potato( Solanum tuberosum L. )

本文以紫色马铃薯紫云1号为供试材料,2011年在四川宝兴县,在不同海拔高度2500、1800、800 m条件下,分析了紫色马铃薯的最佳栽培方案及最适生态区,研究不同海拔高度对紫色马铃薯产量、品质及花青素含量的影响,为紫色马铃薯高产优质栽培提供技术支撑。结果表明,随着海拔的升高,紫色马铃薯产量、粗蛋白,淀粉、花青素含量呈不断增加趋势,而可溶性糖含量呈不断降低趋势,不同海拔下产量、粗蛋白、淀粉、可溶性糖含量差异达显著或极显著。紫色马铃薯块茎表层花青素含量普遍高于中间薯肉,海拔主要影响薯块表层花青素含量。紫云1号宜在高海拔地区种植,其产量、品质较好,在低海拔地区种植,应注意株型控制,适当控制营养生长,促进地下块茎的生长。

In this paper, taken purple potato（Solanum tuberosum L ） ＇ Ziyun 1 ＇ as tested materials, the optimum cultivation scheme and most suitable ecological zone of purple potato were selected under different altitudes of 2500, 1800 and 800 m in Sichuan province in 2011, and the effects of different altitudes on the yield, quality and anthocyanin content of purple potato were studied to provide the technical sup- port for the high yield and good quality of purple potato. The result showed that with the altitude increase, the yield, crude protein content, starch content and anthocyanins content of purple potato continuously increased, while the content of soluble sugar decreased. The yield, crude protein content, starch content and soluble sugar content of purple potato had significant or very significant difference between different altitudes. The anthocyanias content in surface layer was generally higher than that in intermediate flesh of purple potato tuber, altitudes mainly affected the tuber surface anthocyanin content. It was concluded that the high altitude areas were suitable for Ziyun 1 cultivation to obtain its high yield and good quality, while the cultivation of Ziyun 1 in low altitude area should be care in controlling the plant type, appro- priately control vegetative growth and promoting the growth of the tubers development.