应用机电相似理论的带附加气室空气弹簧系统的建模与分析

Modeling and Analysis of Air Spring System with Auxiliary Chamber Based on Electromechanical Similarity Theory

应用机电相似理论建立了带附加气室空气弹簧电学模型,以及该空气弹簧系统与电学系统元器件之间的等效关系。采用网孔电流法研究了附加气室容积、振动频率等对空气弹簧刚度的影响。通过电路分析可知:带附加气室空气弹簧刚度随附加气室容积的增大而减小,随激振频率的升高而增大,主附气室之间气压的相位差也随频率的升高逐渐增大,但不会超过90°。为了验证电路模型和分析的正确性,进行了带附加气室空气弹簧特性试验,确定了电学模型参数并带入模型进行仿真。对仿真与试验结果进行对比,二者较为吻合,表明所建电学模型及电学分析是正确的,说明将机电类比方法引入空气弹簧系统特性的研究是可行的,为该方法在其他机械系统中的应用提供了参考。

Based on the electromechanical similarity theory, the electrical model of air spring with auxiliary chamber is established, and the equivalent relation of parameters between air spring system and electrical system is deduced. Through circuit analysis, it shows that the spring stiffness decreases with the volume increase of auxiliary chamber. And its dynamic stiffness increases as the vibration frequency does. The phase difference of pressures between in air spring and in auxiliary chamber also rises with the increase of vibration frequency, but it will not exceed 90°. In order to validate the correctness of the model and circuit analysis, the electrical model parameters are calculated and introduced into simulation model. The simulation and experimental results are compared, and they match each other. It shows that the electrical model and electrical analysis are correct. Furthermore, it proves that the introduction of electromechanical analogy method into the research of air spring is feasible, and provides the reference for this method to be applied into other mechanical system.