用超显性模型估计遗传多态平衡的种群参数(英文)

Estimation of Population Parameters in Genetic Polymorphism Equilibrium by Overdominance Model

基于超显性模型，采用数学方法阐述了种群遗传多样性的延续机制及平衡条件．从双等位基因导出的定律有较大的局限性．在许多教科书中常用的估计平衡态基因频数的定律只适用于双等位基因．本文用另一种方法导出一些公式，将其扩展到多等位基因．讨论了种群中基因数ｎ，遗传负载荷（Ｌ），杂合频 ＹＸ（Ｈｅ）和纯合频率（Ｈｏｍ）之间的关系．

By mathematical approaches, the maintenance mechanism of genetic polymorphism in population as well as the conditions of equilibrium was demonstrated based on over-dominance model. It was found that principles derived from two-allelic case had limitation. The principles used in many textbooks for estimating allelic frequencies in equilibrium were special ones that only suit two-allelic case. The extension to multi-allelic case was performed in alternative approach and a set of formulas were developed in this paper. The relationship of allele number (n) at one locus to average fitness (w), genetic iced (L), heterozygote frequency (He) and homozygote frequency (Hom) in population were discussed.