灌溉方式对番茄根系特性和水分利用效率的调控研究

Regulation and Control for Root Activity and Water Use Efficiency of Tomato under Different Irrigation Methods

为了探明灌溉方式对作物根系和水分利用效率的影响,通过2年的温室大棚试验,研究了沟灌、滴管和无压灌溉不同方式对番茄根系特性、产量、耗水量和水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:无压灌溉和滴灌根系密度分布在出水口附近3.0 cm^22.5 cm。根系密度、根长和根系水阻力系数R表现规律为无压灌溉最大,滴灌次之,沟灌最小,而根系水力传导系数恰恰相反。番茄干物质则表现为沟灌>滴灌>无压灌溉。无压灌溉与沟灌和滴灌相比,降低了耗水量,提高了产量,明显地提高了水分利用效率。研究成果为无压灌溉在温室中的利用提供了依据。

In order to study the influence on crop root and water use efficiency（WUE） with different irrigation method,the two-year greenhouse experiment is conducted to study the effects of different non-pressure subirrigation（NPSI）,furrow irrigation（FI） and drip irrigation（DI） on tomato root system,fruit yield,water consumption and WUE in northwest China.The results indicate that the root density is concentrated in 3.0 to 22.5 cm when using NPSI and DI.The root density,root length and water resistance of root（R） at different stages of irrigation are in the order of NPSI＆gt;DI＆gt;FI,but the water conductivity（K） is completely in reverse order.The tomato biomass follows the order of FI＆gt;DI＆gt;NPSI.Compared with DI and FI treatments,NPST could not only increase the tomato yield,but also significantly reduce the water consumption and increase the WUE.These results will provide bases for the development and use of NPSI in the greenhouses in northwest China.