淋巴示踪剂在甲状腺乳头状癌淋巴结清扫和病理检查中的作用与比较

Role of lymphatic tracers in lymph node dissection and pathological examination of papillary thyroid carcinoma

目的:研究和比较淋巴示踪剂在甲状腺乳头状癌手术淋巴结清扫及病理检查中的作用。方法:选取符合入组标准的甲状腺乳头状癌患者121例,随机分为示踪组(纳米炭组和亚甲蓝组)81例、常规手术组40例,统计各组检获淋巴结数目,并将示踪组淋巴结标本按照染色与未染色分别进行病理检查。结果:注射示踪剂后患者未发生过敏反应。示踪组的平均淋巴结检获枚数高于常规手术组,纳米炭组的淋巴结检获率比亚甲蓝组高(P<0.001)。示踪组的染色淋巴结癌转移率显著高于未染色淋巴结(P<0.001),纳米炭组染色的淋巴结预示癌转移的特异性高于亚甲蓝组(P=0.012)。结论:纳米炭的示踪效果和淋巴趋向性均强于亚甲蓝。甲状腺淋巴示踪技术是一种可推进甲状腺癌淋巴结清扫彻底性与规范性的方法。

Objective：To define the role of lymph tracers in lymph node dissection and pathological examination of papillary thyroid carcinoma. Methods：Patients with papillary thyroid carcinoma who met inclusion criteria were enrolled and randomly assigned into the three groups, namely, carbon nanoparticle （CN）, methylene blue （MB）, and conventional surgery （CS） groups. The number of detected lymph nodes in each group was summed, and pathological examination was conducted. Histological examination of the lymph node specimens in the tracer group was performed based on the classification of staining and nonstaining groups. Results：Major complications such as anaphylaxis did not occur after injection of CN and MB. The average of the detected lymph nodes was higher in the tracer group than in the CS group, and the detection rate of the lymph node was higher in the CN group than in the MB group. In addition, the rate of cancer metastasis was higher in the group with stained lymph node than in the group with unstained lymph node. The index of the CN group was higher than that of the MB group. Conclusion：The tracing effect and lymphatic tropism of CNs were stronger than MB. The thyroid lymph tracer technique may promote the normalization and thoroughness of lymph node dissection in thyroid cancer.