非人灵长类动物主要免疫器官及免疫细胞的研究进展

Advances in research on immune organs and immunocytes of nonhuman primates

免疫毒性是生物技术药物临床前安全性评价中最常见的毒副作用。免疫系统是由多个器官、多种细胞和多种分子组成的一个复杂的系统,其结构和功能与遗传背景、年龄、性别和环境等因素有关,其正常的生理变异范围较大,这对于评估药物所致的免疫毒性是一个巨大的挑战。非人灵长类动物是药物临床前安全性评价中较常用的实验动物。了解和熟悉非人灵长类动物免疫系统的特点,有助于正确、客观地评价药物所致的免疫毒性。本文从非人灵长类动物主要的免疫器官(胸腺、脾和淋巴结)及免疫细胞(T和B淋巴细胞)的发育、形态特征和功能特征等方面进行了详细的论述。

Nonhuman primate is one of the most common animal models used in preclinical safety evaluation.The immunotoxicity is one of the most common side effects of biotech drugs in safety evaluation.As a complex system involving multiple organs,the immune system is vulnerable to age,gender,environment and other factors.Because of the wide range of normal physiological variations,assessment of drug-induced immunotoxicity is quite challenging.Exact evaluation of the drug-induced immunotoxicity can benefit from a better understanding of the characteristics of the immune system of nonhuman primates.This paper summarized the development of immune organs（thymus,spleen and lymph node） and immune cells（T and B lymphocytes）,and the morphological and functional characteristics of the immune system of nonhuman primates.