一起由亚硝酸盐引起的食物中毒应急处理和预防措施分析

Analysis of Food Poisoning Caused by Nitrite with Emergency Treatment and Preventive Measures in One Case

目的：回顾性分析一起由误食亚硝酸盐引起的食物中毒事故，总结此类事故发生的原因及处理经验。方法：运用流行病学、临床医学和实验室检测技术，对某县某煤矿发生的一起因误食亚硝酸盐引起的食物中毒事件进行应急处理和总结分析，并制定预防此类事件再次发生的政策和措施。结果：通过分析和总结，找出了导致此类事件发生的管理漏洞，总结了应急事件处理的经验，提出了改进的建议和措施。结论：临床治疗时给予特效解毒剂亚甲蓝（美蓝）、维生素C、催吐、导泻、补液及其他对症治疗措施可以较好控制患者病情；加强从业人员的健康教育，增大日常监督力度和《食品安全法》的宣传力度可减少此类事件的发生。

Objective： To retrospectively analyze food poisoning incident caused by nitrite, and summarize the causes and treatment experience of this kind of accident. Methods： Applied epidemiology, clinical medicine and laboratory testing technology, a case of food poisoning caused by nitrite in one coal mine of some cotmty was given emergency treatment and summary analysis, policies and measures were drafted to prevent such incident happening again. Results： According to analysis and summary, it found out the loopholes in management leading to this kind of accident, the experience of emergency treatment summarized and some suggestions and measures for improvement were put forward. Conclusion： It is better for controlling the condition with clinical treatment of methylene blue （MB）, the specific antidote, vitamin C, emetic, cathartic, fluid infusion and other symptomatic treatment measures; To reduce the occurrence of such incident according to strengthening practitioners＇ health education, increase the daily supervision and propaganda of food safety law.