金鱼不同组织器官及胚胎发育不同时期蛋白水解酶的种类和活性变化

THE PROTEINASES AND THEIR ACTIVITY IN THE TISSUES AND EMBRYOGENESIS OF GOLDFISH (CARASSIUS AURATUS L.)

采用复性电泳方法研究了金鱼组织器官蛋白水解酶及个体发生过程中蛋白水解酶的种类和活性变化，主要结果表明：（1）金鱼各组织器官蛋白水解酶种类差异不大，大多数组织器官都具有113、69、20、16kD四条带，但不同组织器官常具有其特异性蛋白水解酶；肠道蛋白水解酶种类最多、活性最强。（2）蛋白水解酶的活性受pH值影响和制约，大多数组织器官蛋白水解酶活性最适pH值为8．5。（3）在金鱼胚胎发有早期（从卵裂到心跳期）多数种类蛋白水解酶不表达，从孵化期开始表达；幼鱼蛋白水解酶种类相似于成鱼组织器官蛋白水解酶。（4）金鱼组织器官蛋白水解酶发生于胚胎发育后期（孵化期），多数蛋白水解酶在胚后发育阶段（仔鱼、幼鱼）逐渐出现。

The properties of proteinases in the tissues of goldfish and the kinds of proteinases in the embryogenesis of goldfish were investigated with G-PAGE. The kinds of proteinases were similar, and most tissues of goldfish had four kinds of proteinases with molecular weights being 113 kD, 69 kD, 20 kD and 16 kD respectively.Many kinds of proteinases with strongest activities were observed in the gut. The activities of proteinases were affected by pH, and the optimum pH was 8.5. In the embryogenesis of goldfish, the proteinases began to express at hatching stage, but not in the early embryogenetic period. The proteinases started to express at hatching stage,but most of them expressed at the late developmental stage.