45例急性加重慢性阻塞性肺疾病住院患者肺栓塞风险和预防分析

Pulmonary Embolism Risk and Prevention Analysis of 45 Cases of Hospitalized Patients with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

目的：探讨急性加重慢性阻塞性肺疾病（AECOPD）住院患者并发肺栓塞（PE）的危险因素，并提出相关预防对策。方法：选取45例AECOPD并发PE的住院患者为观察组，取同期住院的50例未并发PE的AECOPD患者为对照组，回顾性分析PE的危险因素，探讨相应对策。结果：恶性肿瘤史、6周内手术史、下肢外伤史、脑血管意外病史、长期卧床超过12周及糖尿病史等因素均与发生PE有显著相关性（P〈0．05）。结论：诱发AECOPD患者并发PE的危险因素较多，对深静脉血栓高危人群进行监测，及时应用抗凝及溶栓治疗是预防PE形成的重要对策。

Objective： To study pulmonary embolism （PE） risk factors of hospitalized patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmo nary disease （AECOPD）, and puts forward the related countermeasure of prevention. Methods： 45 cases with PE patients as the observation group, 50 cases without PE concurrently as control group, review the risk factors of PE analysis, discusses the corresponding countermeasures. Results： There are many factors have significant correlation with the occurrence of PE, such as history of malignancy, within 6 weeks of operation, lower extremity trauma history, cerebrovascular accident history, longterm bedridden for more than 12 weeks and history of diabetes （P〈0.05）. Conclusion： There are many risk factors predisposing to PE in hospitalized patients with AECOPD, monitoring of deep vein thrombosis in highrisk groups, timely ap plication of anticoagulant and thrombolytic therapy is an important precautionary measure PE formation.