贿赂犯罪中情境预防对策的引入及其运用——以建设项目招投标领域为考察对象

Introduction and Application of Situational Crime Prevention in Cracking down Bribery——Take the Tendering and Bidding of Construction Projects As Example

贿赂犯罪一直是我国刑法打击的重点,已有的统计数据表明,较多的贿赂犯罪发生在建设项目招投标领域,传统刑法方法的被动性导致其在打击此类犯罪时的效果不甚理想,值得反思。寻找有效预防和遏制建设项目招投标领域贿赂犯罪的方法,变被动打击为主动防御,无疑有着重要的理论和现实意义。引入情境预防理论或许是一条有益的路径。情境预防理论是一套系统的犯罪预防策略体系,其立足于犯罪学的立场,跳出传统的刑罚遏制范式,强调事前预防以及与刑事处罚的结合运用,以此对建设项目招投标领域的贿赂犯罪起到较好的预防和遏制作用。

Cracking down crime of bribery has always been a major target of the Criminal Law of China. Existing sta- tistics show that most of the crimes of bribery take place in tendering and bidding of construction projects. The passive and traditional methods of criminal law are ineffective in cracking down bribery, which calls for reflection. It is theoreti- cally and practically critical to seek effective and active ways to prevent and curb crimes of bribery in tendering and bid- ding of construction projects. The Situational Prevention theory may be a helpful approach. Based on criminology and be- yond the traditional criminal penalty, the Situational Prevention is a system of crime prevention strategies. It puts more emphasis on prevention beforehand and its combination with criminal penalty, which can better prevent and curb crimes of bribery in tendering and bidding of construction projects.