《等待戈多》中的异化

Alienation in Waiting for Godot

《等待戈多》体现的是被异化了的西方现代人的生存状态。从西方马克思主义观点来看,这是现代社会物质生产和精神生产成为人类异己的力量,人的行为从而全面扭曲和严重异化。高度发达的现代文明被异化为荒芜寂寥的荒原,这是精神虚无的象征;人类在社会中的行为语言也退化成两个流浪汉一系列机械、毫无意义的重复与符号。这是贝克特对失去精神支柱的现代文明的"否定",将无力自救的西方现代人试图寻找出路异化为"等待戈多"。

Waiting for Godot shows the alienation of modern people in Western society. According to Marxism, material and spiritual production make people become alienated and thus modern people＇s behavior has been seriously distort- ed. In the play, modern civilization is described as wasteland which symbolizes the spiritual world of modern people; meanwhile, people~ behavior and language have degraded to a series of mechanical, meaningless repetitions and symbols of two vagabonds. With the conscience of a thinker, Beckett denies the modern civilization which has lost the spiritual pillar, and the behavior of ＂waiting for Godot＂ embodies his trying to find a way out for modern people in Western civili- zation who cannot help themselves.