农户兼业行为对其耕地流转方式影响分析--基于重庆市1096户农户的调查

The Impact of the Part-time Farming on Cultivated Land Circulation: Based on a Survey on 1096 Households in Chongqing

研究目的:探讨各类农户兼业行为对其耕地流转方式影响及重要影响因素。研究方法:实证研究法。研究结果:(1)共同影响纯农户与Ⅰ兼农户对耕地流转方式选择的因素主要包括:户主年龄、户主文化素质、农户耕地资源禀赋、农户农业技术培训、农户低保覆盖;(2)共同影响Ⅱ兼农户与非农户对耕地流转方式选择的因素主要包括:户主年龄、户主非农就业地点;(3)影响纯农户与Ⅰ兼农户选择不同耕地流转方式的农户兼业行为特征,显然多于Ⅱ兼农户与非农户。研究结论:提高纯农户与Ⅰ兼农户文化素质,强化耕地流转认知,加大农业技术培训力度以及提高农户的低保覆盖率,对于促进耕地流转以及开展多种形式的流转具有非常重要的意义。同时应当加快建立城乡统一的社会保障体系,推进户籍制度改革,实现城乡公共资源共享,通过财政补贴等方式鼓励Ⅱ兼农户与非农户自愿放弃土地承包经营权,开展土地规模经营。

The purpose of this paper is to explore the impact of different types of part-time farming behaviors of farmers on cultivated land circulation and the relevant factors.The method of this paper is empirical study.The results show 1） the common effect factors affecting the pure famers and part-time farmers of type I to choose different cultivated land circulation mode include that the age of household head,the educational level of household head,the cultivated land available,the intensity of agricultural technology training,and minimum living guarantee of households.2）The common effect factors affecting the farmers of type II and non-farm households include that age of household head,the site of non-farm employment.3） The characteristics of behaviors that affecting the pure farmers and part-time farmers of type I are apparently more than that of type II and non-farm households.The conclusion is that it is very important to prompt the rural land circulation and with diverse circulation modes through following measures,suchastoimprovetheeducationallevel,toemphasizetheawarenessoflandcirculation,toincreasethetrainingintensity of agricultural technology,and to improve minimum living guarantee coverage of the pure farmers and part-time farmers of type I.Meanwhile,it is also important to encourage part-time farmers of type II and non-farm farmers to voluntarily give up their lands for managing in scaleth rough follo wing measures,suchas to estab lish a unified rural and urban social security system,toacceleratethe reform of Hukou system,torealize the share of urban and ruralpub lic resources,and to investfinancial subsidies.