2010—2012年福建口岸鼠形动物携带病原体监测结果分析

Analysis on pathogens monitoring results of rodent at Fujian port from 2010 to 2012

目的掌握福建口岸鼠形动物间鼠疫、肾综合征出血热和钩端螺旋体病等传染病的流行情况,为采取相应的防治措施提供依据。方法2010—2012年采用鼠笼法在福建口岸捕获鼠形动物;以间接血凝和反向间接血凝实验对鼠血清和肝脏分别进行鼠疫F1抗体及抗原的检测;以套式RT-PCR对鼠肺进行汉坦病毒核酸检测;以PCR对鼠肾进行钩端螺旋体核酸检测。结果本次监测采集1279份鼠血清及2430份鼠肝脏标本,分别进行鼠疫F1抗体、F1抗原检测,均为阴性;采集的845份鼠肾标本检出钩体核酸阳性29份,阳性率为3.43%;采集的2340份鼠肺标本检出汉坦病毒核酸阳性150份,阳性率为6.41%,均为家鼠型。结论福建口岸鼠疫处于静息状态,鼠形动物传播肾综合征出血热和钩端螺旋体病的风险存在,应加强对主要宿主携带病原体的检测,并针对其流行特点采取措施。

Objective To understand the epidemiological characteristics of plague, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome （HFRS）and leptospirosis of rodents at Fujian port, and to provide evidence for infectious diseases prevention and control. Methods In 2010-2012, rodents clamps were used to capture the rats at ports of Fuzhou, Ningde, Quanzhou and so on. A reverse indirect hemagglutination test and the indirect hemagglutination were used to detect the plague F1 antigen and antibody in the mouse liver and serum. The nested RT-PCR was used to detect hantavirus in the rat lung tissue. PCR was used to test leptospirosis nucleic acid in the Hamster kidney. Results Plague F1 antigen and antibody test of 3709 samples all were negative. A total of 845 hamster kidney tissues were tested and the positive rate was 3.43%; A total of 2 340 rat lung tissues were tested, the positive rate was 6.41%, and all were SEO. Conclusion Plague were in the resting state in the Fujian ports, epidemic risk of HFRS and leptospirosis were existed by rodents,we should strengthen detection and take measures toward their popular features.