云南边境缅甸籍吸毒人员HIV感染情况及其影响因素分析

Analysis on HIV infection situation and factors of Myanmar drug users at border cities of Yunnan

目的了解缅甸籍吸毒人员HIV感染情况及其影响因素,为下一步制定干预计划提供科学依据。方法选择云南陇川、盈江2个边境县缅甸籍吸毒人员为调查对象,采用项目设计并经预实验修正后的问卷,进行现场流行病学调查,内容包括人口学特征、艾滋病知识、高危性行为、吸毒行为等高危影响因素,HIV阳性相关影响因素进行多重线性回归分析。结果共调查251名缅甸籍静脉吸毒人员,HIV抗体阳性检出率为31.08%。调查人员中,96.81%为男性,未婚占48.20%,79.28%为初中以下学历。上个月注射时与他人共用过注射液或容器占14.70%;上个月与别人共用过针具的占12.75%;最近一次性行为没有使用安全套的占59.76%;最近一次付费性交易中没有使用安全套的占31.87%;共用过针具、没有使用安全套及没有做过HIV检测者HIV感染率高。结论缅甸吸毒人员艾滋病知识知晓率较高,但共用吸毒针具及高危性行为普遍。将针具交换、安全套发放、美沙酮服务及咨询检测等措施综合应用,才能遏制边境地区缅甸籍吸毒人员艾滋病的传播与蔓延。

Objective To learn the HIV infection status and related affecting factors of border Myanmar drug users, and to provide the evidence for the next stage intervention. Methods The community Myanmar drug users from Longchuan and Yingjiang were selected as the respondents, field survey were finished by bilingual outreach workers with pre-test questionnaires. The contents included demography features, HIV knowledge, high risk behavior with logistic analysis of HIV positive related factors. Results A total of 251respondents were investigated, In which, the HIV positive rate was 31.08%. 96.81% was male, 48.20% was unmarried and 79.28% of respondents＇ education degree lower than junior high school. 14.70% people shared injection solution or container last month. 12.75% people shared needle, 59.76% people didn＇t use condom last time and 31.87% didn＇t use condom during buy sex last time. Sharing needle last month, no condom sex last time and no VCT are factors related to become a HIV positive person. Conclusion Although Myanmar respondents have HIV/AIDS knowledge, sharing needle and sexual high risk behavior are common, we should has comprehensiveness intervene as education, needle and condom distribution, methadone, HIV consulting and testing etc to curb HIV spreading at the border areas.