小麦与钩刺山羊草杂种的育性、抗病性和细胞遗传学研究

Study on Fertility, Disease resistance and Cytogenetics of Hybrid Between Triticum Aestivum and Aegilops Triuncialis

钩刺山羊草高抗条锈、叶锈等病害。以钩刺山羊草为母本与小麦品种鲁麦 1 5杂交 ,杂交结实率为55.2 6%,利用鲁麦 1 5作父本与杂种 F1 的回交结实率为 2 2 .0 9%。 F1 和 F2 的自交结实率分别为 1 3 .8%和8.2 5%。细胞学观察结果表明 ,F1 、F2 和 BC1 PMC MI的平均染色体构型分别为 2 5.3 4 +4 .2 3 +0 .1 2 +0 .2 1 、1 8.62 +9.1 3 +0 .0 7 +0 .4 2 和 8.56 +1 6.81 +0 .0 2 。在杂种 F1 开花期观察到 1 2 .92 %的可育三胞花粉。 F2 、BC2

Ae.Triuncialis used as female parent was crossed with wheat variety Lumai15 and F 1 was backcrossed with its pollen parent that was used as male parent in backcross,their seed setting frequencies were 55.26% and 22.09% respectively. The seed setting frequencies of F 1 and F 2,when they were selfed,were 13.8% and 8.25% respectively.The results of cytologic observation showed:the means of chromosome configurations in F 1, F 2 and BC 1 were 25.34Ⅰ+4.23Ⅱ+0.12Ⅲ+0.21Ⅳ, 18.62Ⅰ+9.13Ⅱ+0.07Ⅲ+0.42Ⅳ and 8.56Ⅰ+16.81Ⅱ+0.02Ⅳ.12.9% fertile 3 nucleated pollen was observed in flowering phase of hybrid F 1.Plants with good resistance for stripe rust and leaf rust can be appeared in F 2 and BC 1.