摘要
通过仲裁程序来洗钱和进行其他形式的欺诈在仲裁中鲜有发生,但一旦出现将为仲裁员带来一大难题。研究这个领域的学者是极少的,本文将分析他们关于仲裁员调查欺诈的方法以及当欺诈被发现时仲裁员应如何处理的建议。这些学者着眼于若干个独立的关键问题。然而,笔者认为如果能够合并审视这些问题,并据此形成足供仲裁员于面临仲裁中欺诈时的参考,如此整合式的思考,应是更好解决此一难题的方法。本文将关注以下重点:仲裁员的义务、仲裁员处理欺诈的方法、当欺诈被觉察时的处理方法,以及向有关机关汇报欺诈和保密义务的遵守之间的关联。本文将据此作出结论:当一个仲裁员发现当事人有利用仲裁程序来洗钱或者其他形式欺诈的嫌疑时,他应即进行调查,而不应该将问题留待司法机构依照司法程序解决;仲裁员在欺诈发生时,有义务即时调查处理。然而,有些仲裁员对其是否应就仲裁中欺诈即时调查处理,并不确定。因此确定此义务的存在,有助于釐清仲裁员的疑问。笔者认为,当一个仲裁员确信欺诈切实发生时,他应暂停据此协议而为之仲裁程序,并且即时将相关信息通知有关当局。
Money laundering and other types of fraud rarely occur in arbitration; when they do occur, it poses a di.~cult problem for arbitrators. A limited number of authors explore this issue. Their suggestions will shed some light on identifying the approaches arbitrators can take to investigate and combat fraud, if ever it is discovered in the proceeding. These authors have looked at several individual key issues. However, looking at these issues in concert is the best approach for arbitrators who wish to prevent fraud. This article will focus on the following key areas: the duties of an arbitrator, tools at arbitrators' disposal to deal with fraud, what to do if fraud is detected, and the conflict between the confidentiality requirement and disclosure of fraud to authorities. This article makes a number of conclusions on what an arbitrator can and should do when faced with one of these issues. Anarbitrator should always investigate any suspicious money laundering or fraudulent activities, and should not rely on the courts to discover the problem. Arbitrators have a number of duties relating to dealing with fraud. Clarification of arbitrators' existing duties helps identify their responsibilities in dealing with fraud. In situations where an arbitrator is confident that fraud is taking place , he should not give effect to the contract in dispute and should immediately report the situation to the proper authorities.
出处
《北京仲裁》
2010年第2期85-107,共23页
Beijing Arbitration Quarterly
关键词
仲裁
仲裁员
欺诈
保密性
Arbitration
Arbitrator
Fraud
Confidentiality